狗。
近日，农业农村部公布了《国家畜禽遗传资源目录（征求意见稿）》并向社会公开征求意见。农业农村部表示，随着人类文明进步和公众对动物保护的关注及偏爱，狗已从传统家畜“特化”为伴侣动物，国际上普遍不作为畜禽，我国不宜列入畜禽管理。
无注释原文：
China signals end to dog meat consumption by humans
The Guardian
The Chinese government has signalled an end to the human consumption of dogs, with the agriculture ministry today releasing a draft policy that would forbid canine meat.
Citing the “progress of human civilisation” as well as growing public concern over animal welfare and prevention of disease transmission from animals to humans, China’s Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs singled out canines as forbidden in a draft “white list” of animals allowed to be raised for meat.
The ministry called dogs a “special companion animal” and one not internationally recognised as livestock.
The city of Shenzhen recently approved the first ever mainland China ban on consumption of dog and cat meat, a move that has given hope to animal welfare groups worldwide that other parts of the country could soon follow suit. The new draft policy has provided even more.
“The signal is the first ever from a ministry that dogs are not food animals,” Paul Littlefair, international head of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals told the Guardian. “[This] leaves the door open for local governments to follow Shenzhen’s lead.”
While not officially a ban on the consumption of dog meat, the draft policy from the agriculture ministry could be a “game changer moment for animal welfare in China”, Wendy Higgins of Humane Society International (HSI) told the Guardian.
“That signals a major shift, recognising that most people in China don’t eat dogs and cats and want an end to the theft of their companion animals for a meat trade that only a small percentage of the population indulge in,” Higgins said.
HSI estimates that between 10 and 20 million dogs are killed in China for their meat annually, while Animals Asia puts the figure for cats at around 4 million per year.
Most of these are stolen animals and not raised in captive breeding facilities, Higgins said.
“Not only does it cause enormous animal suffering, but it is also almost entirely fuelled by crime and, perhaps most significantly right now, poses an undeniable human health threat with the risk of diseases such as rabies and cholera,” she said.
The updated agriculture ministry list includes the addition of several wildlife species allowed to be farmed under animal husbandry laws if the policy is not altered following a public comment period that runs through May 8.
Wildlife such as deer, game birds, along with mink, two kinds of foxes, and other animals were included on a list of animals expected to be approved as farm-raised species once China’s central government lifts a ban on the wildlife trade.
The temporary wildlife trade ban was imposed from late January in response to the Covid-19 outbreak, largely thought to have originated in the formal or illicit wildlife supply chain.
But campaigners hope the government will go still further. Peter Li, China Policy Specialist with HSI, told the Guardian: “Listing wild animals, including foxes and raccoon dogs, as ‘special livestock’ is concerning. Rebranding wildlife as livestock doesn’t alter the fact that there are insurmountable challenges to keeping these species in farm environments, their welfare needs simply can’t be met. In addition, there’s clear evidence that some of these species can act as intermediate hosts of viruses, such as Covid-19, which is why we’re urging China and all governments to stop trading in wildlife.”
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含注释全文：
China signals end to dog meat consumption by humans
The Guardian
The Chinese government has signalled an end to the human consumption of dogs, with the agriculture ministry today releasing a draft policy that would forbid canine meat.
signal
1）表示“表达，表示；显示”，英文解释为“to show that you intend or are ready to do something”举个🌰：
He signalled his discontent by refusing to vote.
他拒绝投票以示不满。
2）表示“发信号；发暗号；示意”，英文解释为“to make a movement or sound to give sb a message, an order, etc.”举个🌰：
Don't fire until I signal.
等我发出信号后再开枪。
· canine /ˈkeɪnaɪn/：connected with dogs 犬的；似犬的
Citing the “progress of human civilisation” as well as growing public concern over animal welfare and prevention of disease transmission from animals to humans, China’s Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs singled out canines as forbidden in a draft “white list” of animals allowed to be raised for meat.
single out
表示“选出；挑出”，英文解释为“If you single someone out from a group, you choose them and give them special attention or treatment.”举个🌰：
His immediate superior has singled him out for a special mention.
他的顶头上司专门提到他。
The ministry called dogs a “special companion animal” and one not internationally recognised as livestock.
伴侣动物：companion animal
The city of Shenzhen recently approved the first ever mainland China ban on consumption of dog and cat meat, a move that has given hope to animal welfare groups worldwide that other parts of the country could soon follow suit. The new draft policy has provided even more.
follow suit
表示“跟着做；仿效”，英文解释为“If people follow suit, they do the same thing that someone else has just done.”举个🌰：
Efforts to persuade the remainder to follow suit have continued.
说服其余的人也跟着做的努力在继续。
“The signal is the first ever from a ministry that dogs are not food animals,” Paul Littlefair, international head of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals told the Guardian. “[This] leaves the door open for local governments to follow Shenzhen’s lead.”
While not officially a ban on the consumption of dog meat, the draft policy from the agriculture ministry could be a “game changer moment for animal welfare in China”, Wendy Higgins of Humane Society International (HSI) told the Guardian.
game changer
还记得吗，上周同样是卫报（The Guardian）的文章，在英国首相病情恶化转入ICU里提到，Trump has consistently promoted the anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine in combination with an antibiotic azithromycin, as a “game-changer” in the battle with coronavirus, ...
1）表示“在很大程度上改变形势（或商业领域）的产品（或事件）”，英文解释为“something such as a product or event that affects a situation or area of business very much”举个🌰：
The hit show has been a game changer for the network.
这一热门节目很大程度上改变了这家电视网络。
2）表示“在很大程度上改变一场比赛结果的人（或事）”，英文解释为“something or someone that affects the result of a game very much”举个🌰：
As a player he can be a game changer.
作为队员他可以是一名改变比赛结果的人。
“That signals a major shift, recognising that most people in China don’t eat dogs and cats and want an end to the theft of their companion animals for a meat trade that only a small percentage of the population indulge in,” Higgins said.
indulge in
表示“（使）沉溺于；（尤指）放纵”，英文解释为“to allow yourself or another person to have something enjoyable, especially more than is good for you”举个🌰：
They went into town to indulge in some serious shopping.
他们进城去大肆购物。
HSI estimates that between 10 and 20 million dogs are killed in China for their meat annually, while Animals Asia puts the figure for cats at around 4 million per year.
Most of these are stolen animals and not raised in captive breeding facilities, Higgins said.
captive
表示“被监禁的；被关起来的；被困住的”，英文解释为“kept as a prisoner or in a confined space; unable to escape”，如：captive animals 关在笼子里的动物。
“Not only does it cause enormous animal suffering, but it is also almost entirely fuelled by crime and, perhaps most significantly right now, poses an undeniable human health threat with the risk of diseases such as rabies and cholera,” she said.
rabies /ˈreɪbiːz/
表示“狂犬病”，英文解释为“Rabies is a serious disease that causes people and animals to go mad and die.”
cholera /ˈkɒlərə/
表示“霍乱”，英文解释为“Cholera is a serious disease that often kills people. It is caused by drinking infected water or by eating infected food.”
The updated agriculture ministry list includes the addition of several wildlife species allowed to be farmed under animal husbandry laws if the policy is not altered following a public comment period that runs through May 8.
husbandry
1）作名词，表示“（尤指精心经营的）农牧业”，英文解释为“farming, especially when done carefully and well”，如：animal/crop husbandry 畜牧业；种植业；
2）作名词，表示“节俭使用；精打细算”，英文解释为“the careful use of food, money and supplies”，这个词很有意思，看到husbandry你想到啥，husband 丈夫，其实它还有另一个含义，作动词，表示「节俭使用」（to use sth very carefully and make sure that you do not waste it）。
Wildlife such as deer, game birds, along with mink, two kinds of foxes, and other animals were included on a list of animals expected to be approved as farm-raised species once China’s central government lifts a ban on the wildlife trade.
game birds
表示“猎鸟；猎禽”，英文解释为“Game birds are birds which are shot for food or for sport.”
· mink /mɪŋk/ ：A mink is a small animal with highly valued fur. 貂
The temporary wildlife trade ban was imposed from late January in response to the Covid-19 outbreak, largely thought to have originated in the formal or illicit wildlife supply chain.
But campaigners hope the government will go still further. Peter Li, China Policy Specialist with HSI, told the Guardian: “Listing wild animals, including foxes and raccoon dogs, as ‘special livestock’ is concerning. Rebranding wildlife as livestock doesn’t alter the fact that there are insurmountable challenges to keeping these species in farm environments, their welfare needs simply can’t be met. In addition, there’s clear evidence that some of these species can act as intermediate hosts of viruses, such as Covid-19, which is why we’re urging China and all governments to stop trading in wildlife.”
intermediate hosts 中间宿主
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